What to reduce
These foods and behaviors promote a pro-tumor environment. The good news: each one has a positive and accessible alternative.
Diet
Refined sugars & high glycemic index
High riskCause spikes in insulin and IGF (Insulin-like Growth Factor) — growth factors that are directly pro-tumor. They create a 'fertile ground' for tumor development.
Examples
- •White or brown sugar
- •Excess honey
- •Maple syrup, corn syrup, dextrose
- •Soda, industrial fruit juices
- •White bread, pastries, cakes
- •Refined sweetened breakfast cereals
- •Mashed potatoes
- •White rice (except basmati/Thai)
- •Overcooked pasta
Replace with
- ✦Fresh fruit
- ✦Whole-grain flours and cereals
- ✦Traditional sourdough bread
- ✦Brown rice, quinoa, bulgur
- ✦Legumes (lentils, chickpeas)
Pro-inflammatory fats
High riskAn excess of omega-6 (industrial vegetable oils) disrupts the omega-6/omega-3 ratio (currently 15–20:1 in the West instead of 4:1). Omega-6 are converted into inflammatory molecules that 'feed' tumors.
Examples
- •Sunflower, corn, and soy oils (high in omega-6)
- •Hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated margarines
- •Hydrogenated oils in industrial products
- •Conventional meat and dairy products (intensive farming, high omega-6)
Replace with
- ✦Extra-virgin olive oil
- ✦Flaxseed oil (omega-3)
- ✦Organic butter (in moderation)
- ✦Omega-3 enriched margarines
Conventional meat and dairy products
Moderate riskFeeding animals intensively with omega-6-rich grains alters the composition of their fats. Growth hormones found in some conventional dairy and meat products stimulate pro-tumor IGF receptors.
Examples
- •Conventionally farmed meat
- •Conventional dairy products (too high in omega-6)
- •Industrially farmed eggs
Replace with
- ✦Organic meat or omega-3-enriched labels — in small quantities
- ✦Organic dairy products
- ✦Organic eggs
- ✦Fatty fish (sardines, mackerel, salmon)
- ✦Plant proteins (legumes, tofu)
Environment
Endocrine disruptors & chemical products
High riskCertain chemical products present in our daily lives mimic estrogens (xenoestrogens) or disrupt the hormonal system, which can promote the progression of existing tumors.
Examples
- •Bisphenol-A (BPA): polycarbonate plastics, plastic kettles, microwave containers, canned food
- •Phthalates in cosmetics (DBP, DEHP)
- •Parabens in cosmetics and hair care products
- •Aluminum in antiperspirant deodorants
- •Perchloroethylene from dry cleaning
- •Pesticides and chemical insecticides
- •Household products containing alkylphenols
Replace with
- ✦Glass or ceramic containers for the microwave
- ✦Natural deodorants without aluminum
- ✦Organic cosmetics without parabens or phthalates
- ✦Air out dry-cleaned garments
- ✦Natural insecticides (essential oils, boric acid)
- ✦Eco-friendly household products (white vinegar, baking soda)
Cell phones — precautions
Moderate riskThe radiofrequencies from cell phones were the subject of a hearing in the U.S. Congress. The precautionary principle recommends limiting direct exposure to the brain.
Examples
- •Phone held to the ear during long conversations
- •Phone in the pocket near reproductive organs
- •Heavy use by children
Replace with
- ✦Use speakerphone or a wired earpiece
- ✦Keep the phone away from the body when not in use
- ✦Text messages rather than long calls
- ✦Limit use by children
Mental & Emotional
Chronic stress & feelings of helplessness
High riskChronic feelings of helplessness — more than acute stress — activate biological pathways that promote inflammation and tumor growth. They suppress the immune defenses against cancer.
Examples
- •Rumination and repetitive anxious thoughts
- •Unresolved trauma
- •Social isolation
- •Feeling of loss of control over one's life
- •Chronic depression
Replace with
- ✦Mindfulness meditation (20 min/day)
- ✦Heart rate coherence (5 min × 3/day)
- ✦Yoga, qigong, tai chi
- ✦Social support and close relationships
- ✦EMDR therapy for old traumas
- ✦Regular physical activity
Behavior
Sedentary lifestyle
Moderate riskA lack of physical activity maintains high levels of insulin, IGF, and estrogens — all favorable to tumor growth. It also weakens immune defenses.
Examples
- •Less than 20 minutes of daily activity
- •Prolonged sitting at a desk
- •Exclusive use of motorized transport
- •Physical activity only on weekends
Replace with
- ✦30 min of walking × 6 days/week (minimum for breast cancer)
- ✦Cycling, swimming, yoga — any regular activity
- ✦20 min of sunlight per day (vitamin D)
- ✦Stairs, walking commutes
Every small change counts
You don't need to be perfect. Gradually reducing these factors, replacing them with their alternatives, creates an increasingly unfavorable environment for tumor development.